Electrical installation aspects for lighting
Electrical installation for lighting should be as per Indian standard. The standard of the National Electrical Code (NEC) can also be used for all types of electrical installation work.
Aspects pertaining to design
In addition to the load cut at the time of selection of cable and wire for the lamp circuit, the bunching of the wire in the put and the hot or cold environment around the wiring are taken into consideration. Single phase AC for light circuit. The supply is rated at 240 volts and the insulation has a voltage of 650 volts. Similarly for The Phase 415 voltage the voltage grade of the emulation is 1100 volts. In some discharge lamps the lamp is given a high voltage pulse through an electronics device, this time the cable, the use should be able to soothe this voltage. Each luminaire should be controlled through the self. Sometimes a luminaire is controlled via two switches or a group ground is controlled via a single switch. discharge lamps are inductive, so they spawn during swimming resulting in swelling. Life is reduced, so disperse lamps use oversized or over-fire needles. (The cut rating of this switch should be twice that of a normal cut.) Some lighting installations require the use of a semiconductor switch but use a protection circuit with this switch to provide protection against over current. The auditorium and multifunction hall have the facility of group dimmer. This type of facility is available in Lampe Hall, Seminar Hall and Conference Hall. The design of the wiring installation of the gup dimmer light control is decided at the beginning or at the corner of the building, this peak is of auto-transformer or electronic type, the operating voltage of the discharge lamp is II00 V.
The electromagnetic radiation from the discharge lamp is the radio frequency entering the surrounding atmosphere. This is called electromagnetic interference. This radiation should be suppressed through a suitable filter. Appropriate shielding is used on the radiation body for this. Installation of control gear should be near the camp. Power dissipation from control gear should be taken into consideration during this installation.
The lighting circuit and the circuit of electrical appliances should be different, as sometimes faulty appliances can have an effect on the lighting circuit as well. Luminaires are controlled via a 6 amp MCB (Miniature circuit breaker). This MCB has a rating of less than 800%. The switches used for switching and the rating of MCB are for low power factor.
Corridors and common area lighting circuits in public buildings should be separate and supplied from standby supply. Exit lighting, foots light, fire escape root lighting and security lighting required for safety are supplied from the standby generator. Switches and distributions in substation lighting are designed for high fault currents.
Due to the stroboscopic effect, the speed of rotating contact in lighting appears to be higher / lower than the normal speed. So to overcome this problem Mr. Phase supply is provided or the lamp is operated at high frequency. The layout of the lighting for each event in the exhibition area is different so there is flexibility in the design of the lighting. Earth leakage protection is required at every circuit level as the wiring in this type of display stall is temporary.
ELCB is provided for outdoor lighting such as street lighting and compound lighting to reduce the incidence of electrical shock. Luminaires are installed in two circuits for lighting keeping in view the energy conservation in outdoor lighting. As a result a circuit can be switched off late at night. Light outlets are protected by fuses or MCBs to improve service integrity on each pole.
According to IS: 732, the lighting circuit needs to be protected against faults or earth leakage, so every conducting part with the same potential zone is earthed. The metal body of all luminaires is connected to form a loop and this is done according to IS: 732 so that the touch potential in the system does not exceed 50 volts. ELCB is provided in each distribution board for earth leakage protection. Since the discharge lamp is non-linear V-1 characteristic, harmonic current is generated. It causes neutral overheating due to the third harmonic and distortion in the supply voltage waveform. While in greater numbers
Appropriate harmonic filters are installed near the main switch board when a discharge lamp is used. Since the amount of harmonic current in the neutral conductor relative to the load current in the discharge lamp is higher, it is necessary to have Mr. Phase Balance Power Distribution. In any discharge lighting circuit the area of the neutral conductor should not be less than that of the phase conductor when the load is higher than the other load. The power factor of the inductive choke or stabilizer in the discharge lamp decreases resulting in an increase in the area of the cable for wiring. A capacitor is therefore connected to each luminaire of the discharge lamp to correct the power factor.
Aspects pertaining to installation at site
The joint should not come into contact with the wiring to prevent fire under any circumstances and it is not easy to vibrate the joint especially above the ceiling so it should not be joined. If the joint posh in V should be of crimped type instead of the same type. There should be end wiring and shunting shows / h sector / sway connection. Not looking to twist the conductor of the terminal. . Six of the wiring terminals !! Care should be taken not to overdo it. The convection of the and its accessories is done in such a way that the soup aging system is not disturbed during its maintenance, repairing or replacement. It can be easily maintained and inspected. The PVC cable becomes brittle due to the sun's ultraviolet radiation, so it should not be used for permanent installation under direct sunlight. The control switch is connected to the phase circuit and the luminaire to the neutral circuit. This allows the luminaire to have a normal supply voltage even if it is switched off at the Swiss Connection, which is not safe. When using the Edison Lamp folder, the outside and neutral jade and center are connected to the snake. The location of the control switch is very precisely determined for the independent control of each in the hospital and its operation theater. Installation is done at height. In this type of installation the installation of the loop box is done keeping in view the safety near the ground level and the condition of flood in monsoon.
interior illumination
Illumination:: Interior luminescence in public buildings such as shopping centers, hotels, public assemblies and auditoriums should be as per IS: 3646.
shop
The shop uses artificial lighting rather than natural lighting in the selling area. It needs to have high luminance level for display and selling. General lighting is installed in the shop for public movement or movement.
Lighting layout
It uses two separate lighting techniques. Supermarkets and multiple stores use as much as 600 to 1000 lux. 100 to 200 lux for general lighting and additional lighting system for display area in jewelry / boutique shops. Electrical installation should be flexible as the display layout changes frequently in this type of installation.
Lighting requirement for shop interiors
A good lighting system should have a balance between general lighting and accent lighting (coimplete service of all aspects interior / exterior lighting). Modern lighting uses T8 and TS fluorescent lamps dichloric halogen lamps.
Lighting requirement for shop window
When lighting a window display during the day, the illumination of the front glass needs to be minimized and more illumination is required relative to the illumination of the day. In addition to front lighting for good lighting, back lighting is also installed. Bare lamps should not be used to avoid glare problems. In a multi-window system, a large number of Louvers and are installed on the ceiling to avoid glare problem. It has more vertical direction of lighting than single window. Tubular and compact fluorescent lamps are used for lighting in single window systems but high intensity discharge lamps such as ceramic discharge and quartz metal are used for ascent lighting
A halide lamp (Quartz metal helide lamp) is installed with a suitable luminaire. It uses color filters to give the right effect. Adequate ventilation is required to ensure that the lighting equipment does not overheat. Window lighting is required even after the shop is closed so a control switch is installed for the light circuit..
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